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11.7\u6d6c\u3002\u5854\u8eab\u4ee5\u9ed1\u8272\u5713\u5f62\u77f3\u9020\u5efa\u7bc9\u70ba\u4e3b\uff0c\u5916\u89c0\u53e4\u6a38\u51dd\u91cd\uff0c\u73fe\u5834\u4ecd\u4fdd\u7559\u8208\u5efa\u5e74\u4ee3\u8207\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u6d77\u95dc\u71df\u9020\u53f8\u59d3\u540d\u7b49\u77f3\u523b\u7891\u78a3\uff0c\u6587\u53f2\u50f9\u503c\u6975\u9ad8\u3002\u4f5c\u70ba\u6e05\u4ee3\u4e94\u53e3\u901a\u5546\u5f8c\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6279\u6d0b\u5f0f\u71c8\u5854\uff0c\u5b83\u8207\uff1a\u6771\u6917\u71c8\u5854\u5317\u6917\u71c8\u5854\u6771\u72ac\u71c8\u5854\u5171\u540c\u5f62\u6210\u5b88\u671b\u81fa\u7063\u6d77\u5cfd\u6cbf\u5cb8\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u71c8\u5854\u7fa4\uff0c\u70ba\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u822a\u6d77\u5b89\u5168\u5960\u5b9a\u95dc\u9375\u57fa\u790e\u3002\u25cf 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\u5f9e\u6230\u706b\u4e2d\u91cd\u751f\uff1a2017\u5e74\u5fa9\u71c8\u30012018\u5e74\u5347\u683c\u570b\u5b9a\u53e4\u8e5f\u70cf\u5775\u5dbc\u71c8\u5854\u5efa\u65bc 1874\u5e74\uff0c\u4e26\u65bc 1875\u5e7412\u67083\u65e5\uff08\u6e05\u5149\u7dd2\u5143\u5e7411\u67086\u65e5\uff09\u6b63\u5f0f\u9ede\u71c8\u555f\u7528\u3002\u71c8\u5854\u8a2d\u8a08\u8005\u70ba\u82f1\u7c4d\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e2b \u97d3\u5fb7\u5584\uff08David Marr Henderson\uff09\uff0c\u7531\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u6d77\u95dc\u59d4\u8a17\u8208\u5efa\uff0c\u662f\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u300c\u6d0b\u5f0f\u71c8\u5854\u300d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4ee3\u8868\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u56e0\u70cf\u5775\u5730\u8655\u81fa\u6d77\u524d\u7dda\uff0c\u71c8\u5854\u66fe\u56e0\u591a\u6b21\u8ecd\u4e8b\u885d\u7a81\u800c\u906d\u6bc0\u640d\u3001\u505c\u71c8\u903e60\u5e74\uff0c\u76f4\u5230 2013\u5e74 \u7531\u6d77\u95dc\u79fb\u64a5\u4ea4\u901a\u90e8\u822a\u6e2f\u5c40\u7dad\u7ba1\uff0c\u822a\u6e2f\u5c40\u8207 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